Scientists in Brazil’s Amazon rainforest have found that butterflies are losing their color. This research is part of a study on the discoloration or alteration of color in the natural world caused by human-driven environmental changes. The earliest known instance of such a change was during the Industrial Revolution, when the peppered moth turned black to blend into its sooty surroundings.

In Brazil, scientists observed a stark difference between butterflies in the rainforest and those in deforested areas. The rainforest is home to a wide array of colorful butterflies, whereas those in deforested regions are brown or grey. In eucalyptus plantations that have replaced the rainforest, dull-looking butterflies thrive. Deforestation impacts the most colorful species first, as the loss of vegetation makes them more vulnerable to predators. Without the protection of natural habitats, the most colorful and ecologically special species could be lost.